立法法修改视阈下设区的市地方政府规章制定权实证研究
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1.南京航空航天大学;2.江苏致邦(自贸区南京片区)律师事务所

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Empirical Study on the Regulation making Power of Local Government in Cities with Districts under the Perspective of Legislative Law Amendment
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1.Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics;2.JIANGSU CO-FAR(Pilot Free Trade Zone Nanjing Area)LAW FIRM

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    摘要:

    2015年《立法法》的修改扩大了我国行政立法权的主体范围,将原来专属于较大的市的地方立法权扩张到所有设区的市享有,契合了我国地方发展的实际需求。为地方政府“赋权”的同时也为地方立法权的行使增设了“限权”条款,将地方政府规章的立法事项限于“三大事项”内。实证表明,这种“虽放却限”的制度导致了地方政府在行使地方立法权时面临立法积极性低、立法权行使脱离地方立法需求等诸多困境。欲破除此困境,需要回到原点对最初的“赋权目的”和“限权手段”的关联性作出分析,尝试从立法论转换视角至法解释论,通过合理扩大列举的“三大事项”和“等”字的法解释,以明确设区的市的行政立法权限,回应地方治理的实际难题和民众的正当权益,做到“立法与改革决策相衔接”,推动国家治理体系和市域治理能力的现代化发展。

    Abstract:

    The amendment of the Legislation Law in 2015 expanded the scope of the subject of administrative legislative power in China, extending the local legislative power that was originally exclusive to Larger Cities to all Cities with Districts, which meets the actual needs of local development in China. At the same time, as empowering local governments, "limitation clauses" have been added to the exercise of local legislative power, limiting the legislative matters of local government regulations to the "three major matters". Empirical evidence shows that this "although relaxed, limited" system has led to many difficulties for local governments in exercising local legislative power, such as low legislative enthusiasm and the exercise of legislative power deviating from local legislative needs. To overcome this dilemma, it is necessary to return to the starting point and analyze the correlation between the initial "purpose of empowerment" and "means of limiting power". We should try to shift our perspective from legislative theory to legal interpretation theory, and clarify the administrative legislative authority of Cities with Districts by reasonably expanding the legal interpretation of the "three major issues" and "etc." listed. In response to the practical challenges of local governance and the legitimate rights and interests of the people, we aim to achieve a seamless connection between legislation and reform decisions, and promote the modernization of the national governance system and urban governance capabilities.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-11
  • 最后修改日期:2025-01-02
  • 录用日期:2025-05-08
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