With the continuous progress of information technology and as driven by technology, market, and capital, the development of e-commerce has gradually become one of the core goals of high-quality development of regional economy. The key to regional high-quality development lies in whether e-commerce and economic quality can develop in a coupled and coordinated manner. Therefore, taking the six provinces in central China as the research object, this study explores the coupling and coordination relationship between e-commerce development and high-quality economic development, and analyzes the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of the coupling and coordination degree of the two systems. The results indicate a gradual increase in the coupling and coordination degrees of the six central provinces show a trend of gradually increasing, but the coupling degree is still not ideal. The center of gravity of e-commerce development and high-quality economic development shifted to northwest and south respectively. The temporal and spatial differences of the coupling coordination degree between the two systems are obvious. It is recommended that the central region actively promote industrial transformation and upgrading, accelerate the deep integration of e-commerce and industry, to foster the coordination between e-commerce development and high-quality economic development.