Professional social workers are essential to career development of social work. It is of great significance to promote professional development of social work in China. Based on the survey data of 504 professional social workers, this paper analyzes the status quo of professional social workers' job stress and job satisfaction. The results show that professional social workers exhibit diverse work pressures, mainly facing heavy workload, economic and social status pressures, and career development pressures. Job satisfaction of professional social workers is in the middle. Further, among the three indicators of satisfaction, environmental satisfaction is the highest, followed by job achievement, and salary satisfaction is the lowest. There are significant gender differences in job achievement, significant age differences in income satisfaction and job achievement, and significant differences in environmental satisfaction and job achievement in educational background. Job stress is related to job satisfaction. To improve job satisfaction and promote the development of social work, some advices are suggested, including policy guarantee, optimizing the organizational environment, and strengthening supervision and vocational training.